Basic GIS Coordinates

The fourth edition of this popular book discusses important updates to surveying and mapping systems in North America. The U.S. is modernizing its coordinate and height measurement systems to improve accuracy and fix old problems. A significant change is the retirement of an old measurement unit called the U.S. Survey Foot, replaced by the international foot standard. This updated edition includes new ways to account for Earth’s surface movements and improved mapping techniques. It also provides current information, more practical exercises, and better explanations of these changes. Features Explores the upcoming change in the basis for horizontal and vertical coordinate systems in North America. Covers the fundamentals of State Plane Coordinates and Universal Transverse Mercator Coordinates, heights, and the Public Land Surveying System. Explains the progression of the ideas that are the foundation of geospatial coordinate systems. Each chapter concludes with review questions and answers. Provides critical information needed to understand coordinate systems in GIS technology. Written for young professionals and students interested in GIS, Geospatial, Geomatics, Engineering, Surveying, Photogrammetry, Unmanned Aerial Systems (Drones), this book helps professionals and students understand modern surveying methods and stay compliant with new standards.