In the Hearts of the Beasts: How American Behavioral Scientists Rediscovered the Emotions of Animals

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In the Hearts of the Beasts: How American Behavioral Scientists Rediscovered the Emotions of Animals Author: Format: Hardback First Published: Published By: Oxford University Press Inc
string(3) "240"
Pages: 240 Language: English ISBN: 9780190935610 Categories: ,

Animals cannot use words to explain whether they feel emotions, and scientific opinion on the subject has been divided. Charles Darwin believed animals and humans share a common core of fear, anger, and affection. Today most researchers agree that animals experience comfort or pain. Around 1900 in the United States, however, where intelligence was the dominant interest in the lab and field, animal emotion began as an accidental question. Organisms ranging from insects to primates, already used to test learning, displayed appetites and aversions that pushed psychologists and biologists in new scientific directions. The Americans were committed empiricists, and the routine of devising experiments, observing, and reflecting permitted them to change their minds and encouraged them to do so. By 1980, the emotional behavior of predatory ants, fearful rats, curious raccoons, resourceful bats, and shy apes was part of American science. In this open-ended environment, the scientists’ personal lives-their families, trips abroad, and public service-also affected their professional labor. The Americans kept up with the latest intellectual trends in genetics, evolution, and ethology, and they sometimes pioneered them. But there is a bottom-up story to be told about the scientific consequences of animals and humans brought together in the pursuit of knowledge. The history of the American science of animal emotions reveals the ability of animals to teach and scientists to learn.

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Rose emphasizes the ways that scientists' personal lives influenced their views on emotion. She highlights the researchers' relationships with their animal subjects, arguing that it was these intimate connections that ultimately generated interest in animal emotions, despite the scientists' devotion to empirical objectivity. The author also discusses how many researchers' wives made substantial contributions to the field by working with their husbands as collaborators and ghost writers, despite their exclusion from academic institutions. In a field where most public players were men, these are important and often overlooked historical details . . . The volume will excel, however, with readers already versed in the field seeking to contextualize the current science. * Sasha L. Winkler, University of California, Los Angeles, The Quarterly Review of Biology * In the Hearts of the Beasts is a remarkable achievement. Rose shows that even during the supposed heyday of behaviorism, when animals were deemed to be 'blank slates,' American comparative psychologists and biologists actually came to realize that their animal subjects had emotions. Packed with fascinating details about the daily lives of the scientists as they lived and worked with their animals, the book treats the animals as active agents that helped shape ideas and theories. For it was their very dedication to uncovering facts about animal lives, Rose brilliantly argues, that allowed these scientists to see into the hearts of their beasts." -Nadine Weidman, Lecturer on the History of Science, Harvard University In the Hearts of the Beasts forcefully demonstrates how the American empirical tradition of scientific inquiry pioneered the study of animal emotions during the long twentieth century. Extensively researched and beautifully written, this is a groundbreaking transnational analysis of a scientific field, the fascinating lives of its human practitioners, and the broader history of human and animal relationships." -Janet M. Davis, Author of The Gospel of Kindness: Animal Welfare and the Making of Modern America